The Host Chapter 9: Discovered

I drove quickly through the I-10 junction as the sun fell behind me. I didnt see much besides the w realizee and yellow lines on the pavement, and the occasional big green sign pointing me far east. I was in a hurry now.I wasnt sure exactly what I was in a hurry for, though. To be out of this, I supposed. forbidden of pain in the neck, out of sadness, out of aching for lost and hopeless loves. Did that mean out of this body? I couldnt signify of any separatewise answer. I would still train my questions of the Healer, n constantlytheless it felt as though the decision was made. Skipper. Quitter. I tested the gallop-in in my lead, trying to come to terms with them.If I could find a way, I would keep Melanie out of the seekers hands. It would be very hard-fought. No, it would be impossible.I would try.I promised her this, but she wasnt listening. She was still dreaming. Giving up, I mentation, now that it was too youthful for giving up to help.I tried to stay clear of the red canyon in her head, but I was t here(predicate), too. No social occasion how hard I tried to see the cars zooming beside me, the shuttles gliding in toward the port, the few, fine clouds drifting overhead, I couldnt pull completely free of her dreams. I memorized Jareds reflection from a thousand opposite angles. I watched Jamie shoot up in a jerky growth spurt, always skin and bones. My accouterments ached for them both-no, the feeling was sharper than an ache, blade-edged and violent. It was intolerable. I had to get out.I drove almost blindly along the narrow two-lane freeway. The desert was, if anything, more monotonous and dead than earlier. Flatter, more colorless. I would make it to Tucson long before dinnertime. Dinner. I hadnt eaten yet today, and my stomach rumbled as I realized that.The Seeker would be waiting for me there. My stomach rolled then, hunger momentarily replaced with nausea. Automatically, my foot projecting off the gas.I checked the map on the pas senger seat. Soon I would reach a little pit stop at a place called Picacho Peak. Maybe I would stop to eat something there. Put off seeing the Seeker a few precious moments.As I thought of this unfamiliar name-Picacho Peak-there was a strange, stifled reaction from Melanie. I couldnt make it out. Had she been here before? I searched for a memory, a sight or a tactile property that corresponded, but found nothing. Picacho Peak. Again, there was that spike of amour that Melanie repressed. What did the words mean to her? She retreated into faraway memories, avoiding me.This made me curious. I drove a little blistering, inquire if the sight of the place would trigger something.A solitary mountain peak-not massive by normal standards, but towering above the low, rough hills closer to me-was kickoff to take shape on the horizon. It had an unusual, distinctive shape. Melanie watched it grow as we traveled, pretending indifference to it.Why did she pretend not to care when she so obvi ously did? I was disturbed by her strength when I tried to find out. I couldnt see any way around the old blank wall. It felt thicker than usual, though Id thought it was almost gone.I tried to ignore her, not wanting to think about that-that she was growing stronger. I watched the peak instead, tracing its shape against the pale, scorching sky. There was something familiar about it. Something I was sure I recognized, even as I was positive that neither of us had been here before.Almost as if she was trying to distract me, Melanie plunged into a vivid memory of Jared, catching me by surprise.I shiver in my jacket, straining my eyes to see the muted magnificence of the sun dying behind the thick, bristly trees. I tell myself that it is not as cold as I think it is. My body just isnt use to this.The hands that are suddenly there on my shoulders do not startle me, though I am afraid of this unfamiliar place and I did not identify his silent approach. Their weight is too familiar.You re easy to sneak up on.Even now, there is a smile in his voice.I truism you coming before you took the first step, I say without turning. I score eyes in the screen of my head.Warm fingers stroke my face from my temple to my chin, force fire along my skin.You look the likes of a dryad hidden here in the trees, he whispers in my ear. One of them. So beautiful that you must be fictional.We should plant more trees around the cabin.He chuckles, and the sound makes my eyes close and my lips stretch into a grin.Not necessary, he says. You always look that way.Says the bear man on Earth to the last woman on Earth, on the eve of their separation.My smile fades as I speak. Smiles cannot last today.He sighs. His breath on my cheek is warm compared to the chill fo abide air.Jamie might resent that implication.Jamies still a boy. Please, please keep him safe.Ill make you a deal, Jared offers. You keep yourself safe, and Ill do my best. Otherwise, no deal.Just a joke, but I cant take it li ghtly. Once we are apart, there are no guarantees. No matter what happens, I insist.Nothings going to happen. Dont worry. The words are closely meaningless. A waste of effort. unless his voice is worth hearing, no matter the message.Okay.He pulls me around to face him, and I lean my head against his chest. I dont know what to compare his scent to. It is his own, as unique as the smell of juniper or the desert rain.You and I wont lose each other, he promises. I choke always find you again. Being Jared, he cannot be completely serious for more than a heartbeat or two. No matter how well you hide. Im unstoppable at hide-and-seek.Will you give me to the count of ten?Without peeking.Youre on, I mumble, trying to disguise the fact that my throat is thick with tears.Dont be afraid. Youll be fine. Youre strong, youre fast, and youre smart. Hes trying to convince himself, too.Why am I leaving him? Its such a long shot that Sharon is still human.But when I cut her face on the news, I was so sure.It was just a normal raid, one of a thousand. As usual when we felt isolated enough, safe enough, we had the TV on as we cleaned out the pantry and fridge. Just to get the weather forecast there isnt much entertainment in the dead-boring everything-is-perfect reports that pass for news among the parasites. It was the hair that caught my eye-the cheap of of late, almost pink red that Id only ever seen on one person.I can still see the look on her face as she peeked at the camera from the corner of one eye. The look that said, Im trying to be invisible dont see me. She walked not quite slowly enough, working too hard at keeping a casual pace. Trying desperately to blend in.No body snatcher would feel that need.What is Sharon doing walking around human in a huge city like Chicago? Are there others? Trying to find her doesnt even seem like a choice, really. If there is a chance there are more humans out there, we defecate to locate them.And I obligate to go alone. Sharon impart run from anyone but me-well, she allow for run from me, too, but maybe she will pause long enough for me to explain. I am sure I know her secret place.And you? I take away him in a thick voice. Im not sure I can physically bear this looming goodbye. Will you be safe?Neither heaven nor hellhole can keep me apart from you, Melanie.Without giving me a chance to catch my breath or wipe away the fresh tears, she threw another at me.Jamie curls up under my arm-he doesnt fit the way he used to. He has to fold in on himself, his long, gangly limbs poking out in sharp angles. His arms are starting to turn hard and sinewy, but in this moment hes a child, shaking, cowering almost. Jared is loading the car. Jamie would not show this fear if he were here. Jamie wants to be brave, to be like Jared.Im panic-struck, he whispers.I kiss his night-dark hair. Even here among the sharp, resinous trees, it smells like dust and sun. It feels like he is part of me, that to separate us will tear the skin where we are joined.Youll be fine with Jared. I have to sound brave, whether I feel that way or not.I know that. Im scared for you. Im scared you wont come back. Like Dad.I flinch. When Dad didnt come back-though his body did eventually, trying to lead the Seekers to us-it was the most horror and the most fear and the most pain Id ever felt. What if I do that to Jamie again?Ill come back. I always come back.Im scared, he says again.I have to be brave.I promise everything will be fine. Im coming back. I promise. You know I wont tire out a promise, Jamie. Not to you.The shaking slows. He believes me. He trusts me.And anotherI can hear them on the floor below. They will find me in minutes, or seconds. I scrawl the words on a dirty shred of newsprint. They are nearly illegible, but if he finds them, he will understandNot fast enough. Love you love Jamie. Dont go home.Not only do I break their hearts, I steal their refuge, too. I picture our little canyon home abandoned, as it must be forever now. Or if not abandoned, a tomb. I see my body leading the Seekers to it. My face smiling as we catch them there abundant, I said out loud, cringing away from the whiplash of pain. Enough Youve made your point I cant live without them either now. Does that make you happy? Because it doesnt leave me many choices, does it? Just one-to get rid of you. Do you want the Seeker inside you? Ugh I recoiled from the thought as if I would be the one to house her.There is another choice, Melanie thought softly.Really? I demanded with heavy sarcasm. sight me one.Look and see.I was still staring at the mountain peak. It dominated the landscape, a sudden upthrust of rock surrounded by flat scrubland. Her interest pulled my eyes over the outline, tracing the uneven two-pronged crest.A slow, rough curve, then a sharp turn compass north, another sudden turn back the other way, twisting back to the north for a longer stretch, and then the abrupt southern decline that flattened out i nto another shallow curve.Not north and south, the way Id always seen the lines in her piecemeal memories it was up and down.The profile of a mountain peak.The lines that led to Jared and Jamie. This was the first line, the starting point.I could find them.We could find them, she right me. You dont know all the directions. Just like with the cabin, I never gave you everything.I dont understand. Where does it lead? How does a mountain lead us? My pulse beat faster as I thought of it Jared was close. Jamie, within my reach.She showed me the answer.Theyre just lines. And Uncle Jeb is just an old lunatic. A nut job, like the rest of my dads family. I try to tug the script out of Jareds hands, but he barely seems to notice my effort.A nut job, like Sharons mom? he counters, still studying the dark pencil label that deface the back cover of the old photo album. Its the one thing I havent lost in all the running. Even the graffiti loony Uncle Jeb go forth on it during his last visit ha s sentimental value now.Point taken. If Sharon is still alive, it will be because her mother, loony Aunt Maggie, could give loony Uncle Jeb a run for the title of Craziest of the Crazy Stryder Siblings. My father had been only slightly touched by the Stryder madness-he didnt have a secret bunker in the backyard or anything. The rest of them, his sis and brothers, Aunt Maggie, Uncle Jeb, and Uncle Guy, were the most devoted of conspiracy theorists. Uncle Guy had died before the others disappeared during the invasion, in a car accident so commonplace that even Maggie and Jeb had struggled to make an enamor out of it.My father always affectionately referred to them as the Crazies. I think its time we visited the Crazies, Dad would announce, and then Mom would groan-which is why such announcements had happened so seldom.On one of those rare visits to Chicago, Sharon had snuck me into her mothers hidey-hole. We got caught-the woman had booby traps every-where. Sharon was scolded soundl y, and though I was sworn to secrecy, Id had a sense Aunt Maggie might build a new sanctuary.But I remember where the first is. I picture Sharon there now, living the life of Anne Frank in the middle of an enemy city. We have to find her and channel her home.Jared interrupts my reminiscing. Nut jobs are exactly the kind of people who will have survived. People who saw Big Brother when he wasnt there. People who suspected the rest of humanity before the rest of humanity turned dangerous. People with hiding places ready. Jared grins, still study-ing the lines. And then his voice is heavier. People like my father. If he and my brothers had hidden or else than fought Well, theyd still be here.My tone is softer, hearing the pain in his. Okay, I agree with the theory. But these lines dont mean anything.Tell me again what he said when he drew them.I sigh. They were arguing-Uncle Jeb and my dad. Uncle Jeb was trying to convince him that something was wrong, telling him not to trust anyone . Dad laughed it off. Jeb grabbed the photo album from the end table and started almost carving the lines into the back cover with a pencil. Dad got mad, said my mom would be angry. Jeb said, Lindas mom asked you all to come up for a visit, right? Kind of strange, out of the low-spirited? Got a little upset when only Linda would come? Tell you the truth, Trev, I dont think Linda will be minding anything much when she gets back. Oh, she might act like it, but youll be able to tell the difference. It didnt make sense at the time, but what he said really upset my dad. He ordered Uncle Jeb out of the house. Jeb wouldnt leave at first. Kept warning us not to wait until it was too late. He grabbed my shoulder and pulled me into his side. Dont let em get you, honey, he whispered. Follow the lines. Start at the beginning and follow the lines. Uncle Jebll keep a safe place for you. Thats when Dad shoved him out the door.Jared nods absently, still studying. The beginning the beginning It has to mean something.Does it? Theyre just squiggles, Jared. Its not like a map-they dont even connect.Theres something about the first one, though. Something familiar. I could swear Ive seen it somewhere before.I sigh. Maybe he told Aunt Maggie. Maybe she got better directions.Maybe, he says, and continues to gaze at Uncle Jebs squiggles.She dragged me back in time, to a much, much older memory-a memory that had escaped her for a long while. I was surprised to realize that she had only ordinate these memories, the old and the fresh, together recently. After I was here. That was why the lines had slipped through her careful control despite the fact that they were one of the most precious of her secrets-because of the urgency of her discovery.In this blurry early memory, Melanie sat in her fathers lap with the same album-not so tattered then-open in her hands. Her hands were tiny, her fingers stubby. It was very strange to remember being a child in this body.They were on the first page .Do you remember where this is? Dad asks, pointing to the old gray picture at the top of the page. The paper looks thinner than the other photographs, as if it has worn down-flatter and flatter and flatter-since some great-great-grandpa took it.Its where we Stryders come from, I answer, repeating what Ive been taught.Right. Thats the old Stryder ranch. You went there once, but I bet you dont remember it. I think you were eighteen months old. Dad laughs. Its been Stryder land since the very beginningAnd then the memory of the picture itself. A picture shed looked at a thousand times without ever seeing it. It was black and white, faded to grays. A small rustic wooden house, far away on the other side of a desert scope in the foreground, a split-rail fence a few equine shapes between the fence and the house. And then, behind it all, the sharp, familiar profileThere were words, a label, scrawled in pencil across the top white borderStryder Ranch, 1904, in the morning shadow ofPicacho Peak, I said quietly.Hell have figured it out, too, even if they never found Sharon. I know Jared will have put it together. Hes smarter than me, and he has the picture he probably saw the answer before I did. He could be so closeThe thought had her so filled with yearning and excitement that the blank wall in my head slipped entirely.I saw the whole journey now, saw her and Jareds and Jamies careful trek across the country, always by night in their inconspicuous stolen vehicle. It took weeks. I saw where shed left them in a wooded act up outside the city, so different from the empty desert they were used to. The cold forest where Jared and Jamie would hide and wait had felt safer in some ways-because the branches were thick and concealing, contrasted the spindly desert foliage that hid little-but also more dangerous in its unfamiliar smells and sounds.Then the separation, a memory so painful we skipped through it, flinching. bordering came the abandoned building shed hidden in, watching the house across the street for her chance. There, concealed within the walls or in the secret basement, she hoped to find Sharon.I shouldnt have let you see that, Melanie thought. The faintness of her silent voice gave away her fatigue. The assault of memories, the persuasion and coercion, had tired her. Youll tell them where to find her. Youll kill her, too.Yes, I mused aloud. I have to do my duty.Why? she murmured, almost sleepily. What happiness will it bring you?I didnt want to argue with her, so I said nothing.The mountain loomed larger ahead of us. In moments, we would be beneath it. I could see a little rest stop with a convenience store and a fast nutrition restaurant bordered on one side by a flat, concrete space-a place for mobile homes. There were only a few in residence now, with the heat of the coming summer making things uncomfortable.What now? I wondered. Stop for a late lunch or an early dinner? lead my gas tank and then continue on to Tucson in order to reveal my fresh discoveries to the Seeker?The thought was so repellent that my jaw locked against the sudden heave of my empty stomach. I slammed on the brake reflexively, screeching to a stop in the middle of the lane. I was lucky there were no cars to hit me from behind. There were also no drivers to stop and offer their help and concern. For this moment, the highway was empty. The sun beat down on the pavement, making it shimmer, disappear in places.This shouldnt have felt like a betrayal, the idea of continuing on my right and proper course. My first language, the true language of the soul that was spoken only on our planet of origin, had no word for betrayal or traitor. Or even loyalty-because without the existence of an opposite, the concept had no meaning.And yet I felt a deep well of guilt at the very idea of the Seeker. It would be wrong to tell her what I knew. Wrong, how? I countered my own thought viciously. If I stopped here and listened to the seductive suggestions of my host, I would truly be a traitor. That was impossible. I was a soul.And yet I knew what I wanted, more powerfully and vividly than anything I had ever wanted in all the eight lives Id lived. The image of Jareds face danced behind my eyelids when I blinked against the sun-not Melanies memory this time, but my memory of hers. She forced nothing on me now. I could barely feel her in my head as she waited-I imagined her holding her breath, as if that were possible-for me to make my decision.I could not separate myself from this bodys wants. It was me, more than Id ever intended it to be. Did I want or did it want? Did that distinction even matter now?In my rearview mirror, the glint of the sun off a distant car caught my eye.I moved my foot to the accelerator, starting slowly toward the little store in the shadow of the peak. There was really only one thing to do.

Little Miss Oversexualized

Little break loose Over sexualityualized The way that media portrays children at present is just plain disgusting. Not only(prenominal) is it inappropriate, it also severely damages the egoism of children all oer the world. When companies like Vogue put out advertisements of children as young as 10 years old dressed in skimpy clothes, full make-up, and posed very provocatively what does that say to every day children? This is how you need to look to be beautiful or this is how they need to dress and effect to be one of the cool kids?The media, whether it is television, magazines, or newspaper be causing huge problems to the self-esteem of children today, especially young girls by putting out advertisements that everywhere sexualize them. Established in 1892 and begun printing advertisements in 1909 Vogue Magazine has been the authority on extravagantly class fashion for the past one degree Celsius plus years. (History of 1)In January 2011 edition of French Vogue published a full 15 page spread featuring Thylane Loubry Blondeau a 10 year child sample in full make-up, dressed in stimulating clothing, and posed very provocatively.Needless to say this caused a big controversy about over sexualizing children, not only in France but around the world. In Britain, Labor Parliament Member Helen Goodman called the photos disgraceful and totally irresponsibleVogue has descended into the gutter by doing this (10-year-old 1). Although most of these ads atomic number 18 not aimed directly at small children and pre-teens, they argon viewed by them and the effect it is having on them is devastating. Children be developing several different emotional, psychological and physical issues.These issues include but are not limited to inability to relate to associates, eating disorders, depression and even promiscuity. In her article Sex orbits in media harming kids mental health Janelle Miles, a long time journalist for the Australian news publication The Courier-Mai l writes Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists president Louise Newman tell evidence was emerging that childhood picture point to developmentally inappropriate sexualized images and messages was associated with low self-esteem, depression and eating disorders.Professor Newman said child psychiatrists were seeing an increasing number of younger children presenting with negative self-esteem and body image issues. Exposure to sexualizing messages contributes to girls defining their self-worth and popularity in terms of sexual attractiveness, with negative impact on self-esteem, Prof. Newman said. Excessive focus on appearance and a narrow exposition of attractiveness has been found to contribute to the development of abnormal eating behaviors and a lack of positive body image.Whats particularly concerning is some primary school-aged children, and even preschoolers, are presenting with some of these concerns. Ive seen children as young as four telling me . . . theyre u gly. Thats appalling. Children are very receptive and influenced by whats in the world around them (Miles 1). Although children are being exposed to a barrage of over sexualized print ads, the media does not stop there. Over the last twenty years television learns and commercials eat up begun to over sexualize young children and teens at an alarming rate.In 1995 the Parent Television Counsel was founded to ensure that children are not constantly assaulted by sex, violence and profanity on television and in other media. This national grassroots organization has more than 1. 3 million members across the United States, and works with television producers, broadcasters, networks and sponsors in an campaign to stem the flow of harmful and negative messages targeted to children. The PTC also works with elected and appointed government officials to enforce broadcast decency standards.Most importantly, the PTC produces critical research and publications documenting the dramatic plus in sex, violence and profanity in entertainment (PTC Study 1) Increasingly alarming are the Television shows such as Toddlers in Tiaras and Little Miss Perfect showing parents pushing children as young as 2 years old to compete in beauty pageants. The parents scream and yell at these young children and sometimes guilting them into alive(p) in these pageants. These kids are put into frilly dresses, make-up caked on their little faces, and they are told if they dont win mummy will be disappointed. What kind of message does this send to children who are in the middle of developing their identity? Interestingly in December 2010 the PTC completed a study called Tinsel towns New Target A study of Teen Female Sexualization on Primetime TV. The content of this report was based on the most popular prime time shows among 12-17 year olds during the 2009-2010 television seasons. The following are some alarming facts produced from that report Underage female characters are shown participating in a higher percentage of sexual depictions compared to adults (47% and 29% respectively).Only 5% of the underage female characters communicated any form of dislike for being sexualized (excluding scenes depicting flushed sexuality). Out of all the sexualized female characters depicted in the underage and young adult category for the entire database, 86% were presented as only being of high school age. Seventy-five percent of shows that included sexualized underage female characters were shows that did not have an S descriptor to warn parents about the sexual content.Based upon a explanation established by the American Psychological Association of healthy vs. unhealthy sexuality, the study findings show that 93% of the sexual incidents involving underage female characters occurred within a context that qualified as unhealthy. The data revealed that 98% of the sexual incidents involving underage female characters occurred outside of any form of a committed relationship. The data show that 73% of the underage sexualized incidents were presented in a humorous manner or as a punch line to a joke. PTC Study 1) Tim Winters the President of the PTC said The results from this report show Tinsel towns eagerness to not only objectify and fetishize young girls, but to sexualize them in such a way that real teens are led to believe their sole value comes from their sexuality. This report is less about the shocking numbers that detail the sickness of earlier sexualization in our entertainment culture and more about the generation of young girls who are being told how society expects them to behave( PTC Study1). Contrary to the belief in this country, children of todays society are not stupid.It has long been said by many different expert that childrens brains process and absorb information doubly as fast as an adult. Benjamin Barber a renowned political scientist who earned his Ph. D. from Harvard University in 1966 writes in his 1993 article America Skips School. The y oung, with their keen noses for hypocrisy, are in fact adept readers-but not of books. They are society-smart rather than school-smart, and what they read so acutely are the social signals emanating from the world in which they will have to make a living.Their teachers in that world, the nations true pedagogues, are television, advertising, movies, politics, and the celebrity domains they define. We prattle about deficient schools and the gullible youngsters they turn out, so undefendable to the siren song of drugs, but think nothing of letting the advertisers into the classroom to fashion what an Advertising Age essay calls brand and product loyalties through classroom-centered, peer powered lifestyle patterning(116). In conclusion advertisements that over sexualize children are not going to stop.The government needs to listen to the hundreds of studies that have been completed to show that these advertisements have a huge psychological and sometimes physical impact on children, a nd they need to put a stop to it. Parents, start teaching your children that they do not have to be a super model to be a good person, just be themselves. Works Cited Barber, Benjamin R. America Skips School. writing On The River. 3RD ed. Chattanooga McGraw-Hill Companies, 2012. 116. Print. Graff, Amy. 10-year-old Fashion Model Sparks Debate The Mommy Files an SFGate. om Blog. The Mommy Files an SFGate. com Blog. SFGate, 9 Aug. 2011. Web. 06 Nov. 2012. History of Vogue Magazine. History of Vogue Magazine. Vouge Magazine, n. d. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. Miles, Janelle. Sex Images in Media Harming Kids Mental Health. CourierMail. Couriermail. com. au, 17 Mar. 2010. Web. 06 Nov. 2012. PTC Study Sexualized Teen Girls Are Tinseltowns New Target. PTC Study Sexualized Teen Girls Are Tinseltowns New Target. Parent Television Council, 25 Dec. 2010. Web. 06 Nov. 2012. .

Proportioning of Concrete Ingredients and Mixes

Ingredients for concrete are cement, comely come, plain-spoken aggregate and water. The best concrete can be obtained by mixing the ingredients in arrange harmonises. The ideal proportion of concrete will be that, which produces greatest strength and solidity at the least cost. In estimating the quantities of ingredients for cement concrete it should keep in mind that voids of coarse aggregates are fulfiled up by sand and voids of fine aggregates are filled up by cement. The concrete mix of 1 1 2 and 1 11/2 3 are mostly used for water retaining structures.The concrete mix 1 2 4 is most unremarkably used for R. C. C. construction. The mix proportion of 1 3 6 and 1 4 8 are used in flex concrete works. The impression behind the proportioning of concrete mixes is that the resulting concrete is densest and strongest with least come up of cement. Following are the orders of proportioning concrete Arbitrary Standard Method. The concept of this method is that fine aggregate should be sufficient in the mix to fill the voids of coarse aggregate and quantity of cement is just sufficient to fill the voids of the fine aggregate.By experiments and experience, it is seen that symmetry of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate to develop a dense mix lies between 1 11/2 and 1 21/2. Similarly, amount of cement, required to fill the voids of fine aggregate is ascertained. Based on experience and experiments, it is possible to fix arbitrary ratios of cement, F. A. and C. A. in forms of 1 n 2n. Minimum Voids Method. In this method of proportioning, the voids in F. A. and C. A. are found out the separately with the help of graduated cylinder and water.After finding the voids, cement and F. A. are so proportioned that they are close to more in volume than the voids in F. A. and C. A. , respectively. Cement is normally taken 10% more and F. A. about 15% more than the percentage of voids in F. A. and C. A. qualified water is added to the mix, so obtained to make the mix work able. This method does not crock up satisfactory results because presence of water, in sand and cement separates the constituents of coarse aggregate, thereby change magnitude the voids.In this method of proportioning no consideration is given to the grading of the aggregate which is very important concept in concrete technology. Hence, concrete designed by this method does not give the highest strength. W/c Ratio. W/c ratio law states that the strength of well compacted concrete with good workabity is dependent only on w/c ratio. In addition to other factors like grading and proportioning of aggregates, proportion of cement, the workability of concrete also depends upon the quantity of water used in the mixture. ?Proportioning of concrete Ingredients and MixesIngredients for concrete are cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water. The best concrete can be obtained by mixing the ingredients in correct proportions. The ideal proportion of concrete will be that, which produc es greatest strength and solidity at the least cost. In estimating the quantities of ingredients for cement concrete it should keep in mind that voids of coarse aggregates are filled up by sand and voids of fine aggregates are filled up by cement. The concrete mix of 1 1 2 and 1 11/2 3 are mostly used for water retaining structures.The concrete mix 1 2 4 is most commonly used for R. C. C. construction. The mix proportion of 1 3 6 and 1 4 8 are used in lean concrete works. The concept behind the proportioning of concrete mixes is that the resulting concrete is densest and strongest with least amount of cement. Following are the methods of proportioning concrete Arbitrary Standard Method. The concept of this method is that fine aggregate should be sufficient in the mix to fill the voids of coarse aggregate and quantity of cement is just sufficient to fill the voids of the fine aggregate.By experiments and experience, it is seen that ratio of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate to deve lop a dense mix lies between 1 11/2 and 1 21/2. Similarly, amount of cement, required to fill the voids of fine aggregate is ascertained. Based on experience and experiments, it is possible to fix arbitrary ratios of cement, F. A. and C. A. in forms of 1 n 2n. Minimum Voids Method. In this method of proportioning, the voids in F. A. and C. A. are found out the separately with the help of graduated cylinder and water.After finding the voids, cement and F. A. are so proportioned that they are slightly more in volume than the voids in F. A. and C. A. , respectively. Cement is normally taken 10% more and F. A. about 15% more than the percentage of voids in F. A. and C. A. Sufficient water is added to the mix, so obtained to make the mix workable. This method does not give satisfactory results because presence of water, in sand and cement separates the constituents of coarse aggregate, thereby increasing the voids.In this method of proportioning no consideration is given to the grading o f the aggregate which is very important concept in concrete technology. Hence, concrete designed by this method does not give the highest strength. W/c Ratio. W/c ratio law states that the strength of well compacted concrete with good workabity is dependent only on w/c ratio. In addition to other factors like grading and proportioning of aggregates, proportion of cement, the workability of concrete also depends upon the quantity of water used in the mixture. ?

Gestalt Laws Essay

The righteousness of Figure-GroundThis police force is to subdivides the image into two parts, one that is clear to the eyes and another one, that is not so clear, sometimes our heading focus so much in one image that can see the other one. This image is a great example, where you can see batman and joker.The Law of SimplicityThis law is about that a content of what you see essential be simple, otherwise the person that is seeing the image, ads or a website get deteriorate of looking the important information on it. Example of a good usage, advertisement from WWFThe law of proximityThis law says that the items that are the belong together must stay that way, to avoid misunderstanding and to become clear. For example you can see that is clear that the name of the woman on the front cover of the magazine its called Nicole ScherzingerThe law of similarityThis law is used a lot in the packaging of the products where the people associate color, shapes, forms or typography to a certai n brand. A really strong example of that is coca-cola.The Law of SymmetryThis law says that the symmetrical images are mo please to our eyes and we associate dampen parts of the images better if they are symmetrical. A example is this photo of a building that have symmetrical architecture.The Law of Similar BackgroundThis law helps grouping information by giving a different background. Such as this image that uses the background color blue to identify the sponsors.The Law of ClosureThe Law of Closure explains why elements are recognized even if they are incomplete or nonexistent.The Law of Gap-fillingThe Law of Gap-filling says that our brains fills the gaps in a image. Such as this dalmata that is not completeThe law of continuityThis law explains that every time that we see a continuous image or a arrow we tend to continue follow that direction. As this image that says to look to the left but our brains follow the arrow.

Self-Motivation

Self motivation is paramount to conquest in life. You must learn how to motivate yourself. In the present situation now, it is difficult to keep our spirit up and high, but knowing the right way to focus on the positive outlook In life, we will be able to gain our dreams. We need to encourage ourselves to accept opportunity,because If we stop beveling and trusting to what we seat do In a particular situation, who else Why are we striving in life?What makes an singular work hard? I believe,each will respond,because we are all motivated with our goals in life,our aspirations,our dreams,all these give us the reason to stay and accept chances, for chances will always produce positive and fruitful life if it is make with trust,passion,encouragement,and willingness to improve and be successful. People think on the ways on how to make life better. hotshot of these ways is through continued learning.If youre looking at adults going back to school whether in-campus or online,the close ly successful one are those who are highly motivated. They understand that education Is a steppingstone to go farther and reach the ladder of success. In order to be motivated. One must be dedicated to achieve the goals which are set as parameters in life. Life is short and there is no way we open fire fully enjoy it,only if it is taken care of and if we live our life in the best way we cornerstone and in the most productive way.

Physical Sciene Exam Paper March 2012 Grade 12

GRAAD 12 NATIONAL aged CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 PHYSICAL SCIENCES PHYSICS (P1) FEBRUARY/MARCH 2012 MARKS 150 TIME 3 hours This gesture paper consists of 16 pages and 3 data sheets. procure reticent enchant deform all over corporal Sciences/P1 2 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. 2. 3. economise your centre number and examination number in the countenance spaces on the ANSWER BOOK. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK. This question paper consists of deuce sections SECTION A (25) SECTION B ( one hundred twenty-five) 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. You may use a non-programmable calculator.You may use appropriate mathematical instruments. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system use in this question paper. YOU be ADVISED TO USE THE ATTACHED DATA SHEETS. give-up the ghost brief motivations, discussions, et cetera where required. Round off your final numeric answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. copyright reserved disport turn over Phy sical Sciences/P1 3 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 SECTION A QUESTION 1 ONE-WORD ITEMS Give ONE word/term for severally of the undermenti aced descriptions. Write sole(prenominal) the word/term next to the question number (1. 11. 5) in the ANSWER BOOK. 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. The type of zip fastener an butt has due to its exercise The phenomenon which occurs when two free waves meet at a given time period The unit of measurement of electrical resistance The basic principle on which electric generators function The type of line spectrum observed when negatrons in an atom move from the excited state to the nation state (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 5 QUESTION 2 MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS quaternion options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Each question has only ONE correct answer. Write only the letter (AD) next to the question number (2. 12. 10) in the ANSWER BOOK. 2. A car of mass m collides head-on with a truck of mass 2m. If the car exerts a powerfulness o f order F on the truck during the collision, the magnitude of the force that the truck exerts on the car is A B C D 1 F 2 F 2F 4F (2) 2. 2 An object moves in a straight line on a ROUGH horizontal fold. If the net work done on the object is zero, then A B C D the object has zero kinetic energy. the object moves at constant speed. the object moves at constant acceleration. there is no frictional force playing on the object. (2) Copyright reserved interest turn over Physical Sciences/P1 4 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 2. 3A eyeball is released from stand-in from a certain height to a higher place the floor and bounces off the floor a number of snips. shorten the effects of air resistance. Which ONE of the following s pate number- season graphs best represents the motion of the ball? A velocity (ms ) -1 B velocity (ms ) -1 time (s) time (s) C velocity (ms ) -1 D velocity (ms ) -1 time (s) time (s) (2) 2. 4 The plot below shows plane irrigate waves that spread place after passin g with a single slit. barrier with single slit plane water waves The wave phenomenon observed after the water waves pass through the slit is A B C D reflection. diffraction. efraction. photoelectric effect. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 5 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 2. 5 Monochromatic joyous from a point source passes through a device X. A configuration is observed on a screen, as shown in the diagram below. Key Colour mob glowering band monochromatic light source X From the observation on the screen, it can be cerebrate that device X is a A B C D 2. 6 prism. single slit. biramous slit. concave lens. (2) In the tour diagram below, the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the conducting wires are negligible. The potential drop of the battery is E. E A V 2R R SWhen replenishment S is closed, the reading on voltmeter V, in volts, is A B C D 0 1 E 3 2 E 3 E screen (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 6 NS C DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 2. 7 Two identical small metal line of merchandises on insulated stands carry equal charges and are a distance d apart. Each sphere experiences an electrostatic force of magnitude F. The spheres are now hardened a distance 1 2 d apart. The magnitude of the electrostatic force each sphere now experiences is A B C D 2. 8 1 2 F F 2F 4F (2) A fully charged capacitor is connected in a circuit, as shown below. The capacitor discharges when switch S is closed.R S V Which ONE of the following graphs correctly shows the change in the voltmeter reading with time when switch S is closed? potential difference (V) potential difference (V) A B time (s) time (s) potential difference (V) potential difference (V) C D time (s) time (s) Please turn over (2) Copyright reserved Physical Sciences/P1 7 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 2. 9 When light shines on a metal carapace in a photocell, electrons are emitted. The graph below shows the relationship surrounded by the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons and the frequency of the incoming light. D kinetic energy (J) 0 A B C requency (Hz) Which ONE of the points (A, B, C or D) on the graph represents the threshold frequency? A B C D 2. 10 A B C D (2) Overexposure to sunlight causes damage to plants and crops. Which ONE of the following types of electromagnetic radiation is responsible for this damage? A B C D Ultraviolet rays receiving set waves Visible light X-rays (2) 20 TOTAL SECTION A 25 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 8 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 SECTION B INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. 2. 3. 4. Start EACH question on a NEW page. Leave ONE line between two subquestions, for example between QUESTION 3. and QUESTION 3. 2. Show the formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. Round off your final numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. QUESTION 3 (Start on a immature page. ) A rock-and-roll is thrown vertically upward at a velocity of 10 ms-1 from the top of a towe r of height 50 m. After some time the stone passes the edge of the tower and strikes the terms below the tower. Ignore the effects of friction. vi = 10 ms-1 1,5 m 50 m y1 3. 1 3. 2 Draw a labelled free-body diagram showing the force(s) acting on the stone during its motion. exercise the 3. 2. 1 3. 2. Time taken by the stone to reach its maximum height above the ground Maximum height that the stone reaches above the ground (1) (4) (4) (3) 3. 3 3. 4 USING THE GROUND AS REFERENCE (zero position), sketch a positiontime graph for the entire motion of the stone. On its way carry out, the stone takes 0,1 s to pass a window of length 1,5 m, as shown in the diagram above. Calculate the distance (y1) from the top of the window to the ground. (7) 19 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 9 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page. ) The bounce of a cricket ball is tested before it is used.The bill test is to drop a ball from a certain height onto a hard surf ace and then measure how high it bounces. During such a test, a cricket ball of mass 0,15 kg is dropped from rest from a certain height and it strikes the floor at a speed of 6,2 ms-1. The ball bounces straight upwards at a velocity of 3,62 ms-1 to a height of 0,65 m, as shown in the diagram below. The effects of air friction may be ignored. 0,15 kg 0,65 m 4. 1 4. 2 4. 3 Define the term impulse in words. Calculate the magnitude of the impulse of the net force applied to the ball during its collision with the floor.To meet the requirements, a cricket ball must bounce to one third of the height that it is initially dropped from. consumption ENERGY PRINCIPLES to determine whether this ball meets the minimum requirements. (2) (3) (5) 10 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 10 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page. ) A wooden block of mass 2 kg is released from rest at point P and slides down a curved slope from a vertical height of 2 m, as shown in the diagram below. It reaches its lowest position, point Q, at a speed of 5 ms-1. P 2 kg 2m 9 kg Q 5. 1 5. 2 5. 3 5. 4Define the term gravitational potential energy. Use the work-energy theorem to calculate the work done by the average frictional force on the wooden block when it reaches point Q. Is mechanical energy conserved while the wooden block slides down the slope? Give a fountain for the answer. The wooden block collides with a stationary crate of mass 9 kg at point Q. After the collision, the crate moves to the right at 1 ms-1. 5. 4. 1 5. 4. 2 Calculate the magnitude of the velocity of the wooden block immediately after the collision. The total kinetic energy of the system before the collision is 25 J.Use a calculation to show that the collision between the wooden block and the crate is inelastic. (2) (6) (2) (4) (5) 19 QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page. ) An ambulance approaches an accident shooting at constant velocity. The siren of the ambulance emits sound waves at a f requency of 980 Hz. A detector at the scene measures the frequency of the emitted sound waves as 1 050 Hz. 6. 1 6. 2 6. 3 Calculate the speed at which the ambulance approaches the accident scene. Use the speed of sound in air as 340 ms-1. Explain wherefore the measured frequency is higher than the frequency of the source.The principle of the Doppler effect is applied in the Doppler flow meter. express ONE positive impact of the use of the Doppler flow meter on humans. (4) (2) (2) 8 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 11 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page. ) Learners analyze the change in the grandness of the fundamental bright band formed when monochromatic light of different wavelengths passes through a single slit. They set up the instrument, as shown in diagram below, and measure the broadness of the central bright band in the pattern observed on the screen.The width of the slit is 5,6 x 10-7 m. screen first dark band monochromatic light ? midpoint of central bright band 0,033 m first dark band 0,45 m 7. 1 7. 2 7. 3 Write down an investigative question. Which TWO variables are kept constant? In one of their experiments, the distance from the midpoint of the central bright band to the first dark band is measured to be 0,033 m. Calculate the wavelength of the light used in this experiment. (2) (2) (5) 7. 4 How will the broadness of the central bright band of red light compare with that of blue light? Write down only GREATER THAN, SMALLER THAN or EQUAL TO.Give a reason for the answer. (2) 11 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 12 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page. ) Two metal spheres, P and Q, on insulated stands, carrying charges of +5 x 10-9 C and +5 x 10-9 C respectively, are placed with their centres 20 mm apart. X is a point at a distance of 10 mm from sphere Q, as shown below. 20 mm +5 x 10-9 C P 10 mm +5 x 10-9 C Q X 8. 1 8. 2 8. 3 8. 4 Define the term electric fi eld. Sketch the net electric field pattern for the two charges. Calculate the net electric field at point X due to the presence of P and Q.Use your answer to QUESTION 8. 3 to calculate the magnitude of the electrostatic force that an electron will experience when placed at point X. (2) (3) (6) (3) 14 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 13 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 9 (Start on a new page. ) 9. 1 Learners use Ohms justice to determine which ONE of two resistors A and B has the greater resistance. For each resistor, they measure the current through the resistor for different potential differences across its ends. The graph below shows the results obtained in their investigation. A current (A) B potential difference (V) 9. 1. 1The learners are supplied with the following apparatus 6 V battery Voltmeter Ammeter Rheostat Resistors A and B Conducting wires Draw a circuit diagram to show how the learners must use the above apparatus to obtain each of the graphs s hown above. (4) (1) 9. 1. 2 9. 1. 3 Write down ONE variable that must be kept constant during this investigation. Which ONE of A or B has the higher resistance? Give an write up for the answer. (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 14 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 9. 2 In the circuit diagram below, the battery has an emf of 12 V and an internal resistance of 0,8 ?.The resistance of the ammeter and connecting wires may be ignored. 12 V 0,8 ? 2? 4? A 8? 8? V Calculate the 9. 2. 1 9. 2. 2 9. 2. 3 Effective resistance of the circuit Reading on the ammeter Reading on the voltmeter (4) (3) (4) 19 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 15 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 10 (Start on a new page. ) 10. 1 The essential components of a simplified DC motor are shown in the diagram below. coil B C N A D S brushes split-ring commutator When the motor is functioning, the coil rotates in a clockwise concern, as shown. 10. 1. Write down the function of each of the following components (a) (b) 10. 1. 2 Split-ring commutator Brushes (1) (1) What is the direction of the conventional current in the part of the coil labelled AB? Write down only FROM A TO B or FROM B TO A. Will the coil experience a maximum or minimum turning effect (torque) if the coil is in the position as shown in the diagram above? State ONE way in which this turning effect (torque) can be increased. (1) 10. 1. 3 (1) (1) 10. 1. 4 10. 2 Alternating current (AC) is used for the long-distance transmission of electricity. 10. 2. 1 10. 2. Give a reason why AC is preferred over DC for long-distance transmission of electricity. An electric appliance with a power rating of 2 000 W is connected to a 230 V rms household mains supply. Calculate the (a) (b) tip (maximum) voltage rms current passing through the appliance (3) (3) 12 Please turn over (1) Copyright reserved Physical Sciences/P1 16 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 QUESTION 11 (Start on a new page. ) In the diagram shown below, electron s are released from a metal plate when light of a certain frequency is shone on its surface. incident light metal surface eA 11. 1 11. 2Name the phenomenon described above. The frequency of the incident light on the metal plate is 6,16 x 1014 Hz and electrons are released with a kinetic energy of 5,6 x 10-20 J. Calculate the 11. 2. 1 11. 2. 2 Energy of the incident photons Threshold frequency of the metal plate (1) (3) (5) 11. 3 The brightness of the incident light is now increased. What effect will this change have on the following (Write down only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. ) 11. 3. 1 11. 3. 2 The reading on the ammeter Explain the answer. The kinetic energy of the released photoelectrons Explain the answer. 2) (2) 13 125 150 TOTAL SECTION B GRAND TOTAL Copyright reserved Physical Sciences/P1 1 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12 PAPER 1 (PHYSICS) GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12 VRAESTEL 1 (FISIKA) TABLE 1 PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1 FISIESE KONSTANTES NAME/NAAM Acceleration due to gravity Swaartekragversnelling Speed of light in a vacuum Spoed van lig in n vakuum Plancks constant Planck se konstante Coulombs constant Coulomb se konstante arraign on electron Lading op elektron Electron mass Elektronmassa Permittivity of free space Permittiwiteit van vry ruimteSYMBOL/SIMBOOL g c h k e me ?0 VALUE/WAARDE 9,8 ms-2 3,0 x 108 ms-1 6,63 x 10-34 Js 9,0 x 109 Nm2C-2 -1,6 x 10-19 C 9,11 x 10-31 kg 8,85 x 10-12 Fm-1 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 2 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 TABLE 2 FORMULAE/TABEL 2 FORMULES dubiousness/BEWEGING v f = v i + a ? t 1 1 ? x = v i ? t + 2 a? t 2 or/of ? y = v i ? t + 2 a? t 2 2 2 v f = v i + 2a? x or/of v f = v i + 2a? y FORCE/KRAG 2 2 ? v +vf ? ? v +vf ? ?x = ? i ? ?t or/of ? y = ? i ? ?t ? 2 ? ? 2 ? Fnet = ma Fnet ? t = ? p ? p = mv f ? v i p = mv w = mg WORK, ENERGY AND POWER/ARBEID, ENERGIE EN DRYWING W = F? x cos ? 1 or/of K = mv 2 2 P= W ? t Ek = 1 mv 2 2 U = mgh Wnet = ? K ?K = K f ? K i or/of or/of or/of E P = mgh Wnet = ? Ek ?Ek = Ekf ? Eki P = Fv WAVES, SOUND AND LIGHT/GOLWE, KLANK EN LIG v=f? fL = v vL fs v vs or/of fL = v vL fb v vb 1 f E = hf T= E= h c ? E = Wo + Ek sin ? = m? a where/waar 1 E = hf and/en W0 = hf0 and/en Ek = mv 2 2 Copyright reserved Please turn over Physical Sciences/P1 3 NSC DBE/Feb. Mar. 2012 ELECTROSTATICS/ELEKTROSTATIKA Q 1Q 2 r2 V E= d kQ Q U= 1 2 r Q C= V F= kQ r2 F E= q W V= q ? A C= 0 d E= ELECTRIC CIRCUITS/ELEKTRIESE STROOMBANE V R= I R s = R1 + R 2 + 1 1 1 = + + R p R1 R 2 W = Vq W = VI ? t W= I2R ? t V 2 ? t W= R emf ( ? ) = I(R + r) emk ( ? ) = I(R + r) q=I ? t W ? t P= P = VI P = I2R V2 P= R ALTERNATING CURRENT/WISSELSTROOM I rms = I max 2 Vmax 2 / I I wgk = maks 2 Vwgk = Vmaks 2 Paverage = Vrms I rms 2 Paverage = I rms R / / / Pgemiddeld = Vwgk I wgk Pgemiddeld = I 2 R wgk Vrms = / Paverage 2 Vrms = R Pgemiddeld = 2 Vwgk R Copyright reserved

Do We Rely Too Much on Technology?

Do we rely too practically on technology? engineering is a great thing, it is employ anywhere and everywhere around the world. Whether its a radio or an iPad, we whole scram some sort of technological device lying around somewhere in the house. Technology can be portrayed as our twenty-first century slave (without the feeding). You can subscribe it to do something and it will do it for you, it is a way of improving our living conditions. This might draw you binding on a present for your mum or your house bills, but which peerless would you rather have? As we create a new generation of gadget hungry children that lead on technology, do we rely too much on it?lets use mobile phones as an example, one in three adults have a phone and the same with nine in ten children. When was the perish time you used one? Or ar you using one right now? If you argon like me then you cant be off your phone for much than two minutes. If you atomic number 18 not calling someone then you are te xting someone. If you are not texting someone, then you are browse the meshing, most likely you would be on facebook or twitter. If you are not doing any of those things then you would be staring blindly at your phone with nothing to do, or just waiting for something to happen.Can we not percentage point using our phones and do something more productive? We seem very reluctant to just turn our phones off. cosmos a user myself I have nothing against mobile phones, but technology has become more than a tool and more of a lifestyle. The main purpose of a phone is to make and realise calls, not search for the nearest restaurant within 500 metres. We all have to adapt to a new generation of technology, especially with innovative devices soon to be released such as new ranges of scrawny TVs, new iPods and iPhones etc.Its all something we have to get used to. As time passes by technology seems to get better, better and better. When I was a kid all I remember was contend with my yu-gi -oh cards at break time with my friends and occasionally feeding my lifeless tamagotchi. Now when all I see are young primary children with their iPhones and their PSPs socialising with tidy sum in other countries, all when their friends are right next door. 74% of households have internet connection, it is no surprise that the demand or internet has multiplied in the recent years.I must admit though, nothing beats a hazard of call of duty with your friends around the world. Technology has brought use medicines, cures for diseases that people could recently not live without. It has interpreted us to the moon, do it easy for us to go to other countries (planes, boats and trains), connected the whole world unitedly in an invisible network and more importantly made us the fridge. Without advances like these how would we get jolly water? How would you stay warm in winter? All this things have changed the way we live and we certainly cannot live without them.Nevertheless there are a lso bad things that technology has brought us, such as viruses that ruin our computers, limpid content that should not be seen, gambling sites that we might get too carried away with and not to parent the amount of time wasted just browsing the web doing nothing. Think about Facebook an average someone will use Facebook for about two hours a day. How did we ever procrastinate without Facebook or just without the web itself? Imagine a world without technology, I doubt most of us would be able to live in a world without it.Do you think you could? How would you get clean water? How would you stay warm? Lets be honest. Do you actually know how to start a fire (without technology obviously)? It would be a completely different world to the one we live today, more like the one we used to live in. I just think that we are starting to use technology too much in our everyday lives. We are starting to lose our traditions think of a book, more and more people are beginning to buy eBooks on t heir Kindle or tablet, is almost as if we dont need hard copies of books anymore.Another good example is music most music nowadays is just made by someone making random sounds with synthesizers. What happened to using real instruments? And what happened to buying CDs in a shop? Or is all our music going to be directly stored in our computers? Whilst I have nothing against eBooks or online music, I think its good to buy the occasional CD and book, walking and not driving, playing football with our friends instead of losing ourselves in video games. When people say we are losing ourselves in technology they are right, we are, but is it really worth it? Juan Borges.